8.1 - Active Voice Imperfect Tense Continued
Table 44 – يَفَعِلُ (yaf-i-lu) Inflections
Single | Dual | Plural | |||||
Absent 3rd person | Male | 1 | يَفْعِلُ
Yaf-'ilu | 6 | يَفْعِلَانِ
Yaf-‘ilaa -ni | 10 | يَفْعِلُوْنَ
Yaf-'iloo- na |
Female | 2 | تَفْعِلُ
Taf-'ilu | 7 | تَفْعِلَانِ
Taf-'ilaa -ni | 11 | يَفْعِلْنَ
Yaf-'il-na | |
Present 2nd person | Male | 3 | تَفْعِلُ
Taf-'ilu
| 8 | تَفْعِلَانِ
Taf-'ilaa -ni | 12 | تَفْعِلْوْنَ
Taf-'i-loo- na |
female | 14 | تَفْعِلِينَ
Taf-'i-lee' -na | 9 | تَفْعِلَانِ
Taf- ‘ilaa-ni | 13 | تَفْعِلْنَ
Taf-'il- na | |
Speaker 1st person | Male/ female | 4 | أَفْعِلُ
Af-'ilu | 5 | نَفْعِلُ
Naf-'ilu |
Table 45 – يَفَعُلُ (yaf-u-lo) Inflections
Single | Dual | Plural | |||||
Absent 3rd person | Male | 1 | يَفْعُلُ
Yaf-'u- lu | 6 | يَفْعُلَانِ
Yaf- 'ulaa-ni | 10 | يَفْعُلُوْنَ
Yaf-'uloo-na |
Female | 2 | تَفْعُلُ
Taf-'ulu | 7 | تَفْعُلَانِ
Taf- 'ulaa-ni | 11 | يَفْعُلْنَ
Yaf-'ul-na | |
Present 2nd person | Male | 3 | تَفْعُلُ
Taf-'ulu | 8 | تَفْعُلَانِ
Taf- 'ulaa-ni | 12 | تَفْعُلْوْنَ
Taf-'uloo- na |
female | 14 | تَفْعُلِينَ
Taf- 'ulee-na | 9 | تَفْعُلَانِ
Taf- 'ulaa-ni | 13 | تَفْعُلْنَ
Taf-'ul-na | |
Speaker 1st person | Male/ female | 4 | أَفْعُلُ
Af-'ulu | 5 | نَفْعُلُ
Naf-'ulu |
As in past tense, there are Verbs in Arabic which use one of these three forms for imperfect tense.
Please note that a past tense which has (عَ) does not necessarily have (عَ) in imperfect tense. It can be from any of the three (عَ،عِ،عُ) forms.
Table 46 - Examples of Verbs that use فَعَلَ fa-aa-la die
Past tense | Pronunciation | Meaning | Imperfect tense | Pronunciation | Meaning |
ذَهَبَ | Za-ha-ba | He went | يَذهَبُ | Yaz-ha-bu | He is going or will go |
خَرَجَ | Kha-ra-ja | He went out | يَخْرُجُ | Ya-kh-ru-ju | He is going out or will go out |
دَخَلَ | Da-kha-la | He entered | يَدْخُلُ | Yad-khu-lu | He is entering or will enter |
ضَرَبَ | Za-ra-ba | He hit | يَضْرِبُ | Yad-ri-bu | He is hitting or will hit |
جَلَسَ | Ja-la-sa | He sat | يَجْلِسُ | Yaj-li-su | He is sitting or will sit |
سَجَدَ | Sa-ja-da | He prostrated | يَسْجُدُ | Yas-ji-doo | He is prostrating or will prostrate |
عَقَلَ | 'A-qa-la | He Compre- hended | يَعْقِلُ | Ya’-qi-lu | He is comprehend- ing or will comprehend |
غَفَلَ | Gha-fa-la | He was not paying attention | يَغْفِلُ | Yagh-fi-lu | He is not or will not pay attention |
حَشَرَ | Ha-sha-ra | He was gathered | يَحْشُرُ | Yah-shu-roo | He is gathering or will gather |
رَفَعَ | Ra-fa-'a | He was raised | يَرْفَعُ | Yar-fa-'u | He is or will be raised |
عَبَدَ | 'A-ba-da | He worshipped | يَعْبُدُ | Ya'-bu-du | He is worshipping or will worship |
فَتَحَ | Fa-ta-ha | He opened | يَفْتَحُ | Yaf-ta-hu | He is opening or will open |
صَبَرَ | Sa-ba-ra | He was patient | يَصْبِرُ | Yas-bi-ru | He is or will be patient |
غَفَرَ | Gha-fa-ra | He forgave | يَغْفِرُ | Yagh-fi-ru | He forgives or will forgive |
جَعَلَ | Ja-'a-la | He made | يَجْعَلُ | Yaj-'a-lu | He is making or will make |
خَلَقَ | Kha-la-qa | He created | يَخْلُقُ | Yaq-lu-qu | He creates or will create |
نَفَعَ | Na-fa-'a | He profited | يَنْفَعُ | Yan-fa-'u | He is profiting or will profit |
جَهَدَ | Ja-ha-da | He endeavored | يَجْهَدُ | Yaj-ha-du | He is endeavoring or will endeavor |
بَلَغَ | Ba-la-gha | He reached | يَبْلُغُ | Yab-la-ghu | He is reaching or will reach |
رَجَعَ | Ra-ja-'a | He went back | يَرْجِعٌ | Yar-ji-'u | He is going back or will go back |
نَجَحَ | Na-ja-ha | He succeeded | يَنجَحُ | Yan-ha-ju | He is succeeding or will succeed |
رَزَقَ | Ra-za-qa | He gave sustenance | يَرْزُقُ | Yar-zu-qu | He is giving or will give sustenance |
نَظَرَ | Na-za-ra | He looked | يَنْظُرُ | Yan-zu-ru | He is looking or will look |
نَزَلَ | Na-za-la | He came down | يَنْزِلُ | Yan-zi-lu | He is coming down or will come down |
صَدَقَ | Sa-da-qa | He was truthful | يَصْدُقُ | Yas-du-qu | He is or will be truthful |
كَذَبَ | Ka-za-ba | He lied | يَكْذِبُ | Yak-zi-bu | He is lying or will lie |
شَكَرَ | Sha-ka-ra | He was thankful | يَشْكُرُ | Yash-ku-ru | He is or will be thankful |
نَقَصَ | Na-qa-sa | He decreased | يَنْقُصُ | Yan-qu-su | He is decreasing or will decrease |
تَرَكَ | Ta-ra-ka | He quit | يَتْرُكُ | Yath-ru-ku | He is quitting or will quit |
Table 47- Examples of Imperfect Verbs that use فَعِلَ fa-ila die
Past tense | Pronunciation | Meaning | Imperfect tense | Pronunciation | Meaning |
قَدِمَ | Qa-di-ma | He brought | يَقْدِمُ | Yaq-di -mu | He brings or will bring |
ضَحِكَ | da-hi-ka | He laughed | يَضْحِكُ | Yad-hi -kou | He is laughing or will laugh |
عَلِمَ | 'a-li-ma | He knew | يَعلَمُ | Ya'-la -mu | He knows or will know |
عَمِلَ | 'a-mi-la | He acted | يَعْمَلُ | Ya'-ma -lou | He is acting or will act |
فَرِحَ | Fa-ri-ha | He was happy | يَفْرَحُ | Yaf-ra-hou | He is or will be happy |
سَمِعَ | Sa-mi-'a | He listened | يَسْمَعُ | Yas-ma -'u | He is listening or will listen |
حَمِدَ | Ha-mi-da | He praised | يَحمَدُ | Yah-ma-dou | He is praising or Will praise |
حَسِبَ | Ha-si-ba | He assumed | يحْسِبُ | Yah-si -bou | He is assuming or will assume |
شَرِبَ | Sha-ri-ba | He drank | يَشرَبُ | Yash-ra-bou | He is drinking or will drink |
حَفِظَ | Ha-fi-za | He memorized | يَحفَظُ | Yah-fa -zou | He is memorizing or will memorize |
رَحِمَ | Ra-hi-ma | He was merciful | يَرْحَمُ | Yar-ha -mu | He is merciful or will be merciful |
رَكِبَ | Ra-ki-ba | He was riding | يَرْكَبُ | Yar-ka -bou | He is riding or Will ride |
شَهِدَ | Sha-hi-da | He witnessed | يشْهَدُ | Yash-ha-dou | He is witnessing Or will witness |
قَبِلَ | Qa-bi-la | He accepted | يَقْبَلُ | Yaq-ba -lou | He is accepting or will accept |
مَرِضَ | Ma-ri-da | He was ill | يَمْرَضُ | Yam-ra -dou | He is ill or will be ill |
Table 48 - Examples of Imperfect Verbs that use فَعُلَ fa-ula die
Past tense | Pronunciation | Meaning | Imperfect tense | Pronunciation | Meaning |
كَرُمَ | Ka-ru-ma | He was generous | يَكْرُمُ | Yak-ru-moo | He is or will be generous |
بَعُدَ | Ba-u-da | He got away | يَبْعُدُ | Yab-u-doo | He has gotten away or will get away |
قَرُبَ | Qa-ru-ba | He got near | يَقْرُبُ | Yaq-ru-boo | He is near or will be near |
ضَعُفَ | Da-ou-fa | He became weak | يَضْعُفُ | Yad-u-foo | He is becoming or will become weak |
ثَقُلَ | Tha-qou-la | He became heavy | يَثْقُلُ | Yath-qu-lou | He is becoming or will become heavy |
Sentence Examples:
شَرِبُوْا الْمَاءَ الْبَارِدَ sha-ri-bul- maa-albaa-ri-du- They drank cold water
نَعْبُدُ اللهَ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعٰالٰى naa-bu-dul lahasub-haa-nahu wa ta-aa’la - We worship Allah (SWT)
ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ zau-fat taa-li-bu – (so) weak are the seekers
اللهُ يَغْفِرُ الذُّنُوْبَ Allaa-hu- yagh-fi-ruddhu-noo-ba - Allah (SWT) forgives sins
اللهُ يَعْطِيْنَا رِزْقًا Allaa-hu ya’tee-naariz-qan - Allah (SWT) gives us sustenance
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