9/12.9 - Form VIII - اِنْفِعَالًا in-fi-'aa-lan

Section 12.9 - Form VIII. اِنْفِعَالًا in-fi-aa-lan

 

Form VII is called اِنْفِعَالًا(in-fi-‘aal-an).  Past tense of this form is اِنْفَعَلَ (in-fi-‘a-la) and imperfect tense is يَنْفَعِلُ (yan-fa-‘i-lu) and its source (Masdar) is اِنْفِعَالًا in-fi-‘aa-lan. The benefit of this form is that it also changes the meaning of the Verb from transitive Verb فِعلُ الْمُتَعَدِّىْ(feil-ul mu-ta-ad-di) to a فِعْلُ اللَّاَزِمِ feil-ul laazim (intransitive). For example, كَسَرَ ka-sa-ra to اِنْكَسَرَ in-ka-sa-ra. كَسَرَ ka-sa-ra means to break. When changed to اِنْكَسَرَ in-ka-sa-ra, it means to be broken.

The inflections for this are shown in the table below:

 

Table 87 – Form VIII Past tense اِنْفَعَلَ (in-fa’-a-la) Inflections

				Single		Dual		Plural
Absent 3rd person	Male	1	اِنْفَعَلَ   In-fa- ‘ala		2	اِنْفَعَلَا   In-fa- ‘alaa	3	اِنْفَعَلُوْا   In-fa- ‘aloo
	Female	4	اِنْفَعَلَتْ   In-fa- ‘alat		5	اِنْفَعَلَتَا   In-fa- ‘al-ta	6	اِنْفَعَلَ  In-fa- ‘al-na
Present 2nd person	Male	7	اِنْفَعَلْتَ   In-fa- ‘al-ta		8	اِنْفَعَلْتُمَا   In-fa- ‘al-tu- maa	9	اِنْفَعَلْتُمْ   In-fa- ‘al-tum
	female	10	اِنْفَعَلْتِ   In-fa- ‘al-ti		11	اِنْفَعَلْتُمَا   In-fa- ‘al-tu- maa	12	اِنْفَعَلْتُنَّ   In-fa-al- ‘tun-na
Speaker 1st person	Male/ female	13	اِنْفَعَلْتُ   In-fa- ‘al-tu		14	اِنْفَعَلْنَا   In-fa-‘al-naa

 

Table 88 – Form VIII Imperfect Tense يَنْفَعِلُ (yan-fa’-ee-lu) Inflections

 

	Gender		Single		Dual		Plural
Absent 3rd person	Male	1	يَنْفَعِلُ   Yan-fa- ‘ilu	6	يَنْفَعِلُانِ   yan-fa- ‘ilaa-ni	10	يَنْفَعِلُوْنَ   Yan-fa- ‘iloona
	Female	2	تَنْفَعِلُ   Tan-fa- ‘ilu	7	تَنْفَعِلُانِ   Tan-fa- ‘ilaa-ni	11	يَنْفَعِلُنَ   Yan-fa- ‘ilna
Present 2nd person	Male	3	تَنْفَعِلُ   Tan-fa- ‘ilu	8	تَنْفَعِلُانِ   Tan-fa- ‘ilaani	12	تَنْفَعِلْوْنَ   Tan-fa- -‘iloona
	female	14	تَنْفَعِلُينَ   Tan-fa- ‘ileena	9	تَنْفَعِلُانِ   Tan-fa- ‘ilaani	13	تَنْفَعِلُنَ   Tan-fa- ‘ilna
Speaker 1st person	Male/ female	4	اَنْفَعِلُ   An-fa- ‘ilu	5	نَنْفَعِلُ   Nan-fa-‘ilu

 

Table 89 - Form VIII اِنْفَعَلَ/ يَنْفَعِلُ/اِنْفِعَالًا in-fa-‘a-la/yan-fa-‘i-lu/in-fi-‘aa-lan Examples

 

 

Qur’anic Example	four alphabet form VII past/imperfect/Infinitive and Infinitive meaning	three alphabet Form I past/ imperfect/ Infinitive and Infinitive meaning	three alphabet root with form
Al-Inshiqaaq - Verse 9   وَيَنقَلِبُ إِلَىٰ أَهْلِهِ مَسْرُورًا   And return to his people in happiness	اِنْقَلَبَ/ يَنْقَلِبُ/ اِنْقِلَابًا   In-qa-la-ba/yan-qa-li-bu/in-qi-laa-ban   to be overturned / upset / turned around	قَلَبَ/ يَقْلِبُ/ قَلْبًا, قُلُوْبًا   Qa-la-ba/yaq-li-bu/qal-ban, qu-loo-ban   to turn around / overthrow / reverse / overturn	ق ل ب ض
Al-Kahf - Verse 71   فَانطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا رَكِبَا فِي السَّفِينَةِ خَرَقَهَا ۖ   So, they set out, until when they had embarked on the ship, al-Khidr tore it open	اِنْطَلَقَ/ يَنْطَلِقُ/ اِنْطِلَاقًا   in-ta-la-qa/yan-ta-li-qu/in-ti-laa-qan   to depart/take off/set free/discharge/ move forward on track	طَلُقَ/ يَطْلُقُ/ طَلَاقًا   Ta-la-qa/yat-lu-qu/ta-laa-qan   to be cheerful / happy / be divorced	ط ل ق ك،ن
---	اِنْكَسَرَ/ يَنْكَسِرُ/ اِنْكِسَارًا   In-ka-sa-ra/yan-ka-si-ru/in-ki-saa-ran   to be broken	كَسَرَ/ يَكْسِرُ/كَسْرًا   Ka-sa-ra/yak-si-ru/kas-ran   to break	ك س ر ض
Ash-Shams - Verse 12   إِذِ انبَعَثَ أَشْقَاهَا   When the most wretched of them was sent forth.	اِنْبَعَثَ/ يَنْبَعِثُ/ اِنْبِعَاثًا   Im-ba-‘a-tha/yam-ba’-i-thu/im-bi-‘aa-than   to be delegated / dispatched / sent / provoked	بَعَثَ/ يَبْعَثُ/ بَعْثًا ، بِعْثَةً   Ba-‘a-tha/yab-‘a-thu/ba’-than, bi’-tha-tan   to raise/raise up/resurrect/revive/ appoint/ send	ب ع ث ف
At-Takwir - Verse 2 وَإِذَا النُّجُومُ انكَدَرَتْ And when the stars fall, dispersing	اِنْكَدَرَ/ يَنْكَدِرُ/ اِنْكِدَارًا   In-ka-da-ra/yan-ka-di-ru/in-ki-daa-ran   to become dispersed / scattered / dull	كَدُرَ/ يَكْدُرُ/ كَدْرًا ، كَدَارَةًا     Ka-du-ra/yaj-du-ru/ka-daa-ra-tan   to be turbid / dreary / faded / polluted	ك د ر ك،س
Al-Baqara - Verse 60   فَقُلْنَا اضْرِب بِّعَصَاكَ الْحَجَرَ ۖ فَانفَجَرَتْ مِنْهُ اثْنَتَا عَشْرَةَ عَيْنًا   So, We said, "Strike with your staff the stone." And there gushed forth from it twelve springs	اِنفَجَرَ/ يَنْفَجِرُ/ اِنفِجَارًا   In-faja-ra/yan-fa-ji-ru/in-fi-jaa-ran   to explode / burst	فَجَرَ/ يَفْجُرُ/ فُجُوْرًا   Fa-ja-ra/yaf-ju-ru/fu-joo-ran   to open/cut/ cleve/break up/tear open/act immorally/deviate	ف ج ر ن
Al-Infitaar - Verse 1 إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انفَطَرَتْ   When the sky breaks apart	اِنْفَطَرَ/ ينفطِر/ اِنفِطَارًا   In-fa-ta-ra/yan-fa-ti-ru/in-fi-taa-ran   to split up/break into pieces/rent asunder/cleave	فَطَرَ/ يَفْطُرُ/ فُطُوْرًا   Fa-ta-ra/yaf-tu-ru/fu-too-ran   to create/ originate/ initiate//split/cleave/tear lengthwise	ف ط ر ن
Al-Inshiqaaq - Verse 1 إِذَا السَّمَاءُ انشَقَّتْ When the sky has split [open]	اِنشَقَّ/ يَنْشَقُّ/ اِنشِقَاقًا   In-shq-qa/yan-shaq-qu/in-shi-qaa-qan   to be split apart / cracked / cleft asunder	شَقَّ/ يَشُقُّ/ شَقًّا ، مُشَقَّةً   Shaq-qa/ya-shuq-qu/shaq-qan, mu-shaq-qa-tan   to split apart/crack/cleave/tear/be hard/burdensome	ش ق ق ن
Yaseen - Verse 69   وَمَا عَلَّمْنَاهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنبَغِي لَهُ   And We did not give him Prophet Muhammad knowledge of poetry, nor is it befitting for him	اِنْبَغٰى/ يَنْبَغِيْ/ اِنبَغَاءً   Im-ba-ghaa/yam-ba-ghee/im-baghaa-an     to be appropriate / suitable / necessary	بَغَىَ/ يبَغِيْ/ بَغَيًا ، بُغَاءً   Ba-gha/yab-ghi/bag-yan, bu-ghaa-an   to seek/desire to attain//to wrong/envy/oppress/trans-gress	ب غ ي ض،ف

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