9/12.8 - Form VII - اِفْتِعَالًا if-ti-'aa-lan

Section 12.8 - Form VII. اِفْتِعَالًا if-ti-'aa-lan

 

Form VI is called اِفْتِعَالًا if-ti-'aal-an. Past tense of this form is اِفْتَعَلَ if-ta-'alaand imperfect tense is يَفْتَعِلُ yaf-ta-'i-lu and its source Masdar is اِفْتِعَالًا if-ti-'aa-lan. The benefit of this form is that it also changes the meaning of the Verb from normal action to that of an action with effort/preparation for the purpose of getting something for yourself. For example, كَسَبَ ka-sa-bato اِكْتَسَبَ ik-ta-sa-ba. كَسَبَ ka-sa-ba means to earn / gain / gather / profit / acquire / achieve. When changed to اِكْتَسَبَ ik-ta-sa-ba, it means to acquire / earn (through hardship).

 

The inflections for this are shown in the table below:

 

Table 84 – Form VII Past tense اِفْتَعَلَ if-ta-a-la Inflections

			Single		Dual		Plural
Absent 3rd person	Male	1	اِفْتَعَلَ   If-ta’- alaa	2	اِفْتَعَلَا   If-ta’-alaa	3	اِفْتَعَلُوْا   If-ta- ‘aloo
	Female	4	اِفْتَعَلَتْ   If-ta’- ‘alat	5	اِفْتَعَلَتَا   If-ta- ‘altaa	6	اِفْتَعَلْنَ   If-ta’- ’alna
Present 2nd person	Male	7	اِفْتَعَلْتَ   If-ta- ‘al-ta	8	اِفْتَعَلْتُمَا   If-ta-‘al- tu-maa	9	اِفْتَعَلْتُمْ   If-ta-‘al- tum
	female	10	اِفْتَعَلْتِ   If-ta- ‘al-ti	11	اِفْتَعَلْتُمَا   If-ta-‘al- tu-maa	12	اِفْتَعَلْتُنَّ   If-ta-‘al- tun-na
Speaker 1st person	Male/ female	13	اِفْتَعَلْتُ   If-ta- ‘al-tu	14	اِفْتَعَلْنَا   If-ta-‘al-naa

 

Table 85 – Form VII Imperfect Tense يَفْتَعِلُ (yaf-ta-ee-lu) Inflections

 

	Gender		Single		Dual		Plural
Absent 3rd person	Male	1	يَفْتَعِلُ   Yaf-ta- ‘ilu	6	يَفْتَعِلُانِ   Yaf-ta- ‘i-laani	10	يَفْتَعِلُوْنَ   Yaf-ta- ‘i-loona
	Female	2	تَفْتَعِلُ   Taf-ta- ‘ilu	7	تَفْتَعِلُانِ   Taf-ta- ‘ilaani	11	يَفْتَعِلُنَ   Yaf-ta- ‘ilna
Present 2nd person	Male	3	تَفْتَعِلُ   Taf-ta- ‘ilu	8	تَفْتَعِلُانِ   Taf-ta- ‘ilaani	12	تَفْتَعِلْوْنَ   Taf-ta- ‘iloona
	female	14	تَفْتَعِلُينَ   Taf-ta- ‘ileena	9	تَفْتَعِلُانِ   Taf-ta- ‘ilaani	13	تَفْتَعِلُنَ   Taf-ta- ‘ilna
Speaker 1st person	Male/ female	4	اَفْتَعِلُ   Af-ta- ‘ilu	5	نَفْتَعِلُ   naf-ta-‘ilu

 

Table 86 - Form VI اِفْتَعَلَ/ يَفْتَعِلُ Examples

Qur’anic Example	four alphabet form VI past/imperfect/ Infinitive and Infinitive meaning	three alphabet Form I past/ imperfect/Infinitive and Infinitive meaning	three alphabet root with form
An-Nisaa - Verse 1   يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ   O mankind, fear your Lord, who created you from one soul	اِتَّقَى/يَتَّقِيْ/اِتِّقَاءً   It-ta-qa/yat-taqi/it-ti-qaa-an   to beware/be on guard/protect/be afraid of	وَقَى/يَقِيْ/وِقَايَةً     Wa-qa /ya-qee/wi-qaa-ya-tan   to guard/ beware/ preserve/ protect/ save	و ق ي ض
Yaseen - Verse 21   اتَّبِعُوا مَن لَّا يَسْأَلُكُمْ أَجْرًا وَهُم مُّهْتَدُونَ   Follow those who do not ask of you [any] payment, and they are [rightly] guided.	اِتَّبَعَ/يَتَّبِعُ/اِتِّبَاعًا   It-ta-ba-‘a/yat-ta-bi-‘u/it-ti-baa-‘an   to follow metaphorical-to do as / obey	تَبِعَ/يَتْبَعُ/ تَبَاعَةً   Ta-bi-‘a/yat-ba-‘u/ta-baa-‘atan   to follow literally / succeed	ت ب ع س،ف
An-Naba - Verse 39   ذَٰلِكَ الْيَوْمُ الْحَقُّ ۖ فَمَن شَاءَ اتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِ مَآبًا   That is the True Day; so, he who wills may take to his Lord a [way of] return.	اِتَّخَذَ/يَتَّخِذُ/اِتِّخَاذًا   It-ta-kha-dha/yat-ta-khi-dhu/it-ti-qaa-dhan   to take firmly/take up/adopt/hold on/assume/adopt/make use of	أَخَذَ/يَأَخُذ/ أَخْذًا   Akha-dha/yaa-ku-dhu/akh-dhan   to take/get hold /seize /grab	ا خ ذ ن
Al-Kahf - Verse 15   فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا   And who is more unjust than one who invents about Allah a lie?"	اِفْتَرَىٰ/يَفْترِيْ/اِفْتِرَاءً   If-ta-raa/yaf-ta-ree/if-ti-raa-an   to fabricate/make up/slander/forge/ invent falsely	فَرَىٰ/يَفْرِيْ/ فَرْيًا   Fa-ra-yaa/yaf-ree/far-yan   to cut lengthwise / fabricate	ف ر ي ض
Al-Israa - Verse 15   مَّنِ اهْتَدَىٰ فَإِنَّمَا يَهْتَدِي لِنَفْسِهِ   Whoever is guided is only guided for [the benefit of] his soul	اِهْتَدَىٰ/يَهْتَدِيْ/اِهْتِدَاءً   Ih-ta-daa/yah-ta-dee/ih-ta-daa-an   to be guided/find guidance/ committed to guidance	هَدَىٰ/يَهْدِيْ/هُدًى، هِدَايَةً   Ha-daa/yah-dee/hu-dan, hidaa-ya-tan   to guide / show the path / lead	ه د ي ض
Fussilat - Verse 45   وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ فَاخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ   And We had already given Moses the Scripture, but it came under disagreement	اِخْتَلَفَ/يَختَلِفُ/ اِخْتِلَافًا   Ikh-ta-la-fa/yakh-ta-li-fu/ikh-ti-laa-fan   to alternate/differ /be diverse/dispute /quarrel	خَلَفَ/يَخْلُفُ/ خَلْفًا، خِلَافَةً   Kha-la-fa/yakh-lu-fu/khal-fan, khi-laa-fa-tan   to succeed/ come after/ follow/lag behind/ change/ become bad	خ ل ف ن
Al-Hashr - Verse 20   لَا يَسْتَوِي أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ وَأَصْحَابُ الْجَنَّةِ   Not equal are the companions of the Fire and the companions of Paradise	اِسْتَوَىٰ/يَسْتَوِيْ/اِسْتِوَاءً     Is-ta-waa/yas-ta-wee/is-te-waa-an   to be even/take position/straight/ equal/upright /turn attention to	سَوِيْ/يَسْوَى/ سِوًى   Sa-wee/yas-waa/si-wan   to be equal	س و ي س
An-Nisaa - Verse 104   وَلَا تَهِنُوا فِي ابْتِغَاءِ الْقَوْمِ   And do not weaken in pursuit of the enemy	اِبْتَغَىٰ/يَبْتَغِيْ/اِبْتِغَاءً     Ib-ti-gha/yab-ta-ghi/ib-tigha-an   to seek/desire/aim at /aspire after/strive for/pursue	بَغَىٰ/يَبْغِيْ/بَغْيًا     Ba-ghaa/yab-ghi/bagh-yan   to seek/ desire to attain/to wrong/ envy/ oppress/ transgress	ب غ ي ض،ف
At-Tawba - Verse 111   إِنَّ اللَّهَ اشْتَرَىٰ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُم بِأَنَّ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةَ   Indeed, Allah has purchased from the believers their lives and their properties [in exchange] for that they will have Paradise	اِشْترَىٰ/يَشْترِيْ/اِشْتِرَاءً   Ish-ta-raa/yash-ta-ree/ish-ti-raa-an   to buy / purchase / barter	شَرَىٰ/يَشْرِيْ/ شِرَاءً     Sha-raa/yash-ree/shi-raa-an   to barter / give / sell	ش ر ي ض
Yunus - Verse 42   وَمِنْهُم مَّن يَسْتَمِعُونَ إِلَيْكَ   And among them are those who listen to you	اِسْتَمَعَ/يَسْتَمِعُ/ اِسْتِمَاعًا   Is-ta-ma-‘a/yas-ta-mi-‘u/is-te-maa-‘an   to listen carefully / hear/ pay attention	سَمِعَ/يَسْمَعُ/ سَمَاعًا، سَمَاعَةً   Sa-mi-‘a/yas-ma-‘u/sa-maa-‘an, sa-maa-‘atan   to hear / listen	س م ع س

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