9/12.7 - Form VI. تَفَاعُلًا ta-faa-'ul

Section 12.7 - Form VI. تَفَاعُلًا ta-faa-ul

 

Form V is called تَفَاعُلًا (ta-faa-‘ul).  Past tense of this form is تَفَاعَلَ (ta-faa-'ala) and imperfect tense is يَتَفَاعَلُ (ya-ta-faa-‘a-lu) and its source (Masdar) is تَفَاعُلًا ta-faa-‘u-lan. The benefit of this form is that it also changes the meaning of the Verb from normal action to that of an action with effort/preparation for the purpose of getting something for yourself. For example, نَصَرَ na-sa-ra to تَنَاصَرَ ta-na-sa-ra. نَصَرَ na-sa-ra means to help. When changed to تَنَاصَرَ ta-na-sa-ra, it means to help each other.

The inflections for this are shown in the table below:

 

Table 81 – Form VI Past tense تَفَاعَلَ (ta-faa-‘ala) Inflections

			Single		Dual		Plural
Absent 3rd person	Male	1	تَفَاعَلَ   Ta-faa- ‘ala	2	تَفَاعَلَا   Ta-faa- ‘alaa	3	تَفَاعَلُوْا   Ta-faa- ‘aloo
	Female	4	تَفَاعَلَتْ   Ta-faa- ‘al-at	5	تَفَاعَلَتَا   Ta-faa- ‘al-taa	6	تَفَاعَلْنَ   Ta-faa- ‘al-na
Present 2nd person	Male	7	تَفَاعَلْتَ   Ta-faa- ‘al-ta	8	تَفَاعَلْتُمَا   Ta-faa- ‘al-tu- ma	9	تَفَاعَلْتُمْ   Ta-faa- Al-tum
	female	10	تَفَاعَلْتِ   Ta-faa- ‘al-ti	11	تَفَاعَلْتُمَا   Ta-faa- ‘al-tu- ma	12	تَفَاعَلتُنَّ  Ta-faa- ‘al-tun- na
Speaker 1st person	Male/ female	13	تَفَاعَلْتُ   Ta-faa- ‘al-tu	14	تَفَاعَلْنَا   Ta-faa-‘al-naa

Table 82 - Form VI Imperfect Tense يَتَفَاعَلُ (yata-faa-alu) Inflections

	Gender		Single		Dual		Plural
Absent 3rd person	Male	1	يَتَفَاعَلُ   Ya-ta- Faa-‘alu	6	يَتَفَاعَلَانِ   Ya-ta-fa’- alaa-ni	10	يَتَفَاعَلُوْنَ   Ya-ta-fa’- aloo-na
	Female	2	تَتَفَاعَلُ   Ta-taa- fa-‘alu	7	تَتَفَاعَلَانِ   ta-ta-faa- ‘alaa-ni	11	يَتَفَاعَلْنَ   Ta-ta-faa- ‘al-na
Present 2nd person	Male	3	تَتَفَاعَلُ   Ta-taa- fa-‘alu	8	تَتَفَاعَلَانِ   ta-ta-faa- ‘alaa-ni	12	تَتَفَاعّلُوْنَ   Ta-ta-faa- ‘aloo-na
	female	14	تَتَفَاعَلِينَ   Ta-ta-fa’- alee-na	9	تَتَفَاعَلَانِ   ta-ta-fa’ alaa-ni	13	تَتَفَاعَلْنَ   Ta-ta-fa’- al-na
Speaker 1st person	Male/ female	4	اَتَفَاعَلُ   ataa- fa’-alu	5	نَتَفَاعَلُ   na-taa- fa’-alu

Table 83 - Form VI تَفَاعَلَ/ يَتَفَاعَلُ/تَفَاعُلًا Examples

Qur’anic Example	Four alphabet form VI past/ imperfect/ Infinitive and Infinitive meaning	Three alphabet Form I past/ imperfect/ Infinitive and Infinitive meaning	Three alphabet root with form
Al-Mulk - Verse 1   تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْكُ   Blessed is He in whose hand is dominion	تَبَارَكَ/يَتَبَارَكُ/تَبَارُكًا   Ta-baa-ra-ka/ya-ta-baa-ra-ku/ta-baa-ra-kan   to be blessed	بَرَكَ/يَبْرُكُ/بُرُوْكًا   Ba-ra-ka/yab-ru-ku/buroo-kan   To lie down/rest	ب ر ك ن
An-Naba - Verse 1 عَمَّ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ About what are they asking one another?	تَسَآءَلَ/يَتَساءَلُ /تَسَاءُلًا   Ta-saa-ala/ya-ta-saa-alu/ta-saa-u-lan   to question/ ask/ inquire one another	سأَلَ/يَسَاءَلُ/سَاءَلًا   Sa-ala/ya-saa-ala/saa-a-lan   To ask, to enquire	س ء ل ف
Taa-Haa - Verse 62   فَتَنَازَعُوا أَمْرَهُم بَيْنَهُمْ   So, they disputed over their affair among themselves	تَنَازَعَ/ يَتَنَازَعُ/تَنَازُعًا   Ta-naa-za-‘a/ya-ta-naa-za-‘u/ta-naa-za-‘an   to dispute, to disagree	نَزَعَ/ يَنْزِعُ/نَازِعًا Na-za-‘a/yan-zi-‘u/naa-zi-‘an   He took out/pulled out/removed/ extracted	ن ز ع ف/ض
At-Takaathur - Verse 1   أَلْهَاكُمُ التَّكَاثُرُ   Competition in [worldly] increase diverts you	تَكَاثَرَ/يَتَكَاثَرُ/تَكَاثُرًا   Ta-kaa-tha-ra/ya-ta/kaa-tha-ru/tha-ka-thu-ran   To want, to compete for more	كَثُر/يَكْثُرُ/كَثْرَةً   Ka-thu-ra/yak-thu-ru/kath-ra-tan   He asked for much	ك ث ر ك
As-Saaffaat - Verse 25 مَا لَكُمْ لَا تَنَاصَرُونَ [They will be asked], "What is [wrong] with you? Why do you not help each other?"	تَنَاصَرَ/يَتَنَاصُرُ/ تَنَاصُرًا   Ta-naa-sa-ra/ya-ta-naa-su-ru/ta-naa-su-ran   To support each other	نَصَرَ/يَنْصُرُ/نَصْرًا   Na-sa-ra/yan-su-ru/nas-ran   To help	ن ص ر ن
Al-Mutaffifin - Verse 30 وَإِذَا مَرُّوا بِهِمْ يَتَغَامَزُونَ And when they passed by them, they would exchange derisive glances	تَغَامَزَ/ يَتَغَامِزُ/تَغَامُزًا   Ta-ghaa-ma-za/ya-ta-ghaa-mi-zu/ta-ghaa-mu-zan   To exchange signals with eyes innuendo	غَمَزَ/يَغمِزُ/غَمْزًا   Gha-ma-za/yagh-mi-zu/gham-zan   To signal, wink	غ م ز ض
Al-An'aam - Verse 100   سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ Exalted is He and high above what they describe	تَعَالٰى/يَتَعَائِلُ/تَعَالًا   Ta’ala/ya-ta-’aa-’ilu/ta’aa-lan   To be highly placed, exalted, sublime	عَلَا/يَعِلُوْ/عُلُوًا   ‘Alaa/ya-‘i-lu/’u-lu-wan   To overcome, to be high	ع ل و ض
Al-Asr - Verse 3   تَوَاصَوْا بِالْحَقِّ وَتَوَاصَوْا بِالصَّبْرِ   they advised each other to truth and advised each other to patience	تَوَاصَىَ/يَتَوَاصَيَ/ تَواصُيًا   Ta-waa-sa-ya/ya-ta-waa-sa-ya/ta-wa-su-yan   To enjoin one another/mutually counsel	وَصَىَ/يَصِيْ/وَصْيًا   Wa-sa-ya/ya-si/wa-si-yan   To reach/be joined	و ص ى ض
-- Not used in Qur’an	تَدَارَسَ/يَتَدَارَسُ/ تَدارُسًا   Ta-daa-ra-sa/ya-ta-da-ra-su/ta-da-ru-san   He studied together with	دَرَسَ/يَدْرُسُ/دَرْسًا   Da-ra-sa/yad-ru-su/dar-san   He studied	د ر س ن
-- Not used in Qur’an	تَحَابَّ/يِتَحَابُّ/تَحَابَةً   Ta-haab-ba/ya-ta-haab-bu/ta-hab-ba-tan     To love each other	حَبَّ/يَحِبُّ/حُبًّ،مُحَبَّةً   Hab-ba/yu-hib-bu/mu-hab-ba-tan   To love	ح ب ب ض

 

 

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